This unique book’s 56 pages of handmade paper and heavily textural approaches combines with imagery reminiscent of late 19th and early 20th century ‘popular’ culture. Various papers, spices, and natural inks are used, allowing tactile and olfactory senses to engage in the book. The cork cover and several subsequent pages break the rectangular shape, revealing the contents of the book before opening it. The book is hand-sewn with a leather trim along the spine.

The book is a complex collage of rubbings taken primarily from historical markers throughout New York City and New York State with secondary sources from Mexico and elsewhere. Hand-colored and hand-bound the evokes a timelessness in both its form and content. The book is a lyrical found poem of both text and image and evokes a complex meditation on the history of New York City and State with all its “Indomitable Character” in full evidence.